comparative study of socialization of civil liability in iranian and french law and its effects

one of the evolutions in tort law is the colectivisation of civil liability. in the past, civil liability was collective and the effects of the person guilty haven imposed on the all members of family. then with developing of civilizations and with appearance of principle of personal liability, the collective liability has been changed to personal liability. but nowadays according to the opinion of jurists, the personal liability is removing and the collective liability appears the idea in the acts. for this purpose, study of the  problem like socialization of risks or socialization of compensation or the effects of this evolutions on tort law in this article has been designed.